Conflict in the school Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strife in the educational Systems - Essay Example It is conceivable that guardians will be prepared to acknowledge the majority rule model of school instruction, and yet they will communicate disappointment with various solid things (Robinson, 2000). Or then again, unexpectedly, guardians may consider the primary errand of school instruction to be the improvement of children’s love for opportunity, in the advancement of their own latent capacity, acknowledgment of their imaginative capacities, yet the school offers the arrangement of intense routine investigation. The contention of qualities can happen between an educator and school organization or between youngsters, particularly in the secondary school (Richmon, 2005). The contention of qualities is the contention, which can’t be settled by any mental methods. The contention of qualities is the discussion which can’t be settled in open showdown as each individual has an ideal for his/her own pecking order of qualities. In goals of contentions of qualities much relies upon the school heads. A few investigates discover the exit plan in values based initiative model â€Å"values and strife will keep on staying argumentative issues of challenge for directors however the appropriation of a qualities based administration model could help school pioneers to concisely characterize the real factors of their extremely unpredictable job in spite of the difficulties. The qualities based model has enormous potential and conceivable outcomes to change the current essence of instructive organization gave it is flawlessly coordinated inside instructive associations to turn into the new standard of effective and important authority practice† (Z upan, 2012, p. 184). Positively, the conversation of different qualities is fundamental, yet on the off chance that it is outlandish, the main way out is to sort out the joint effort of individuals with similar qualities. It is essential the guardians ought to have the chance to show up in school where there are educators with similar qualities. Teachers’ staff ought to likewise comprise of individuals

Social Media Marketing And Twitter Marketing Essay

Internet based life Marketing And Twitter Marketing Essay Internet based life Marketing 2.0 and Twitter The capability of Twitter as a miniaturized scale blogging webpage has expanded exponentially with regards to Social Marketing 2.0. Its presence of mind. Recognize your devotees. 2) The peril Many eatery proprietors I have spoken with accept that Twitter and Facebook is all they need. Advance different people groups content: This shows you are not simply contemplating yourself. In the online world, it causes a great deal to have a decent site to make your business noticeable to the online world. The conceivable outcomes are huge for pulling in and arriving at intrigued clients. Here are a few standards to recollect: Make tweets that motivate, teach, and connect with your crowd. Tweet Adder is among these applications and stays to be one of the most imposing ones accessible in the market. Notwithstanding, something like this must be unrealistic. In the two cases, these individuals are likely more inspired by amount as opposed to quality. Relatively few individuals realize who is the CEO of Pepsi, yet Pepsi is the item individuals will be scanning for on the off chance that they need data about Pepsi and new drinks and so forth. Its a mental thing. Regularly for a business, it is to interface with their present or future clients, and at last increment deals. One of the significant however most disregarded procedures in advertising your business online is tuning in to your potential clients and to your objective market. These person to person communication destinations permit the advertiser to pre-offer their products to the online network and build up a stage for proceeded with connection with pre sent and potential customers. There are a few advantages and shortcomings to utilizing Twitter for your private company, lets investigate them when contrasted with SMS instant message advertising. At the point when you begin to construct your online nearness and your adherents trust you as a genuine system advertiser they will be prepared to retweet your messages and even advance your items inevitably. As it is generally considered the most well known, we will set off with TweetAdder. Do you own a site or have an item you are hoping to showcase and are thinking about whether Twitter auto follow devices would be directly for you? To be fruitful on Twitter, you should construct your locale by posting authentic, important substance, and consistently pulling in real adherents. With that, you can bring bits of knowledge about your image. It is one of the numerous consequences of the nonstop research and studies that have been done before and stays to be an excellent advancement that has completely made our lives particularly simpler. Offer support or assist them with finding a solution to their inquiries. Possibilities are naturally egotistical, and keen on what benefits them. Make your profile comparable however take it to the following level by including activity words that propel a watcher to get energized and need to research further. I dont need my better half to whine that Im not investing energy with her. Indeed, most naysayers state that Twitter (and online networking) by and large are pointless for internet searcher showcasing. The best type of Twitter promoting now and again isn't also advertise by any means. Web advertisers who are not utilizing twitter accurately are passing up a significant crowd. Here are 7 abnormal approaches to release the colossal intensity of Twitter in your independent venture. Converse with them, tail them and afterward hope to be followed also. Television famous people, organizations companions and Countries everywhere throughout the World are exploiting the potential it needs to likewise advertise your business. This in just 140 characters. The distinction in fruitful web promoting efforts is the capacity for the web advertiser to connect with the clients. Basically, the more dynamic your Twitter account is, the more possibilities that you can develop your supporter base. Attempt the 7 stage plan and let me know. 3) Try to follow the same number of individuals as you can that you think may have an enthusiasm for your business, you can consistently look for clients you think may be keen on what you bring to the table. Questions can be search explicit dependent on words, individuals, places, dates, perspectives, and other. * Twellow. Isnt that the sort of traffic all organizations are hoping to pull in? This is the primary spot to look. In truth, Twitter doesn't have interface juice. Web based life is another advertising middle and should be dealt with in an unexpected way. As headways keep on rising, a couple of more techniques might be added to this rundown. You can have Twitter devotees in different dialects. Social Marketing 2.0, as this technique is compactly called, includes showcasing through online life destinations like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, etc. Its a work of art, however for some, it should be cubism. In this article, youll learn 3 little-realized Twitter Marketing insider facts that the internal hover of social advertisers use to develop their business. On the off chance that you help somebody, they are inclined toward you since you set aside the additional effort to help. On the off chance that your Twitter page is spic and span and youve just began utilizing it, utilizing your Twitter advertising instruments, follow up to 50 individuals for every day for the initial scarcely any weeks or thereabouts. There are a huge number of Twitter clients which could be of an extraordinary assistance for your business. The web advertisers mean to accomplish their focused on objectives inside time limits with greatest increases. Assemble Connections Gaining numerous devotees isn't sufficient. Along these lines, individuals are bound to remember you as a specialist in that specific field, and will frequently follow your image to work with you. Incorporate every one of your devotees (when suitable) in your thank you when somebody re-tweets or notices you. Use Tweetdeck: Tweetdeck is a program that will show you your companions refreshes, your answers, and your immediate messages across the board place. So your objective must be to construct an email list. Organizations should tweet, at least, when daily. By and by, dont try too hard on the grounds that you dont need to exhaust individuals. That is the most ideal approach on the grounds that else you start to lose energy when you start agonizing over how others dont realize how to utilize Twitter all the more proficiently. Take a stab at responding their exertion, also, so the relationship turns into a two-way road, opening the lines of correspondence and setting up a relationship. 5. There are a few free apparatuses out there that can assist you with achieving this. 2) You can Tweet deals, advancements, item counsel and limits. You can tweet as frequently as you like. There arent many. Its simply like in reality. Why? Imagine a scenario in which you had 100 devotees and they each had 100 of their own and afterward they had 100 too. Offer great substance. Standing by too long can hurt the relationship. Organizations and brands have constantly abused new and one of a kind types of promotion, directly from traditional papers, radios and TVs to the most recent web based life. Theyll like you more and youll get more devotees that way. Youll need to assemble an after which, to start with, will expect you to tail others in a similar specialty. On the off chance that you have devotees intrigued by these issues, at that point its a characteristic method to produce extra enthusiasm for your book. 5. Its an exponential device. Multiple times works extraordinary in light of the fact that you can send it toward the beginning of the day, at that point an update toward the evening, and another around evening time with a notification about its termination. Twitter advertising is one of the best methods of showcasing yourself through internet based life. Remark on different posts. Tweet Nonsense This sounds insane, however listen to me. I follow around 24,000 to 25,000 individuals now. Be that as it may, the quantity of characters in each Tweet acts like an impediment to your MLM crusade. Notice others. Dont be an alien to the network and dont let your adherents disregard you. Applications like these permit you to plan tweets, deal with your rundowns, and manufacture takes care of for specific key terms, individuals youre following and hashtags, (for example, #amwriting, political spine chiller, and so on.). With Apple detailing as of late records deals of their Macintosh PCs including the iMac and MacBook frameworks, programming designers have been progressively attempting to discharge their products for OSX clients just as their conventional customer base based of Windows. That is Right Twitter Auto Follow Tools Help Your Page Rankings. Its opportunity to talk hindrances also. This is an extraordinary method to get your promoting out there as well as get following to perceive how viable it is. All things considered, a few system advertisers have concocted routes through which you can showcase the items offered by your business on the web. This could be the point at which they notice you or a watchword for something you might be advancing. An excess of publicizing, or spamming the record doesn't draw in clients, rather has a negative impact. Using your twitter showcasing procedure. What you can do is compose an introduction like New blog entry: before the title of your substance. 5. Its developing with new clients at an astonishing rate with a large number of new recruits each day. Keep in mind, Twitter is only an instrument. Web based life is an incredible vehicle to develop, associate with and manufacture your online network. Individuals go to the web to discover answers and arrangements and you can advance your business by giving your clients what they need. Ââ · Post great and instructive connections. This is additionally useful to develop your adherents. This article will offer a few recommendations to make your Twitter experience a positive one and arrive at another shopper base as well as create extra income with just a couple of additional snapshots of your time. Presently, simply trust that your Tweet will rank for your catchphrase expression on Google. Twitter is a piece of a bigger gathering of web based life web 2.0 destinations. This will make your supporters mindful that your image exists and your tweets arent simply like PC produced or something. Its more reasonable than you may might suspect and it permits your organization to get saw on one of the most mainstream internet based life locales today! Around evening time (particularly Friday after 6 PM), your posts could become mixed up in a major flood of updates. 9. supporters can alter their twitter showcasing str

Insider Report What Its Really Like Working in Sales

Insider Report What It’s Really Like Working in Sales If there’s one industry that has a bad reputation in popular culture, it’s sales.It’s not really considered a career path people make willingly, but more like a job, you just stumble upon.But what is it really like working in sales?Let’s look at the variety of sales roles out there, bust a few misconceptions about the industry and examine what it takes to work in the sector.I’ll also outline five core realities you should know about of the life as a salesperson.A PLETHORA OF AVAILABLE ROLESFirst, let’s clear up something important: saying someone works in sales doesn’t necessarily reveal you much at what they do.Yes, essentially sales jobs are about making a sale â€" one way or another, you are trying to sell a product or a service to another entity.However, the industry has so many sales roles available that the daily schedule and the responsibilities can vary widely.Indeed, the world has tons of different things people sell and so generalizations are not always helpfu l or revealing.Ultimately, the experience of working in sales depends on the business you work for and the product you are selling.You might work in a brick-and-mortar store, selling a variety of household goods, or you might be making telesales on the phone, never to meet the person you’re selling to face-to-face.You might be selling a service instead of a product or part of your job might be selling a combination of both. You could be located in a single location, such as the call centre, or your sales jobs might require you to travel around the country or, indeed, the world.In addition to the organization having an impact on the day-to-day activities of your sales role, the broader industry you work for can influence what working in sales is like.Your role is directly influenced by broader market changes â€" for example, consider how the sales of vacuum cleaners has shifted from door-to-door sales to online sales.Of course, the role is also changed depending on who you are sell ing to. Your industry might be aimed at the corporate giant or even the government.Selling hotel rooms for clients can be different in terms of daily challenges and tasks depending on whether your client is a multi-national business or an individual going on a holiday.The roles, which are selling from business to business are referred to as B2B, with B2C referring to the business to customer roles.Hopefully, all of this helps you to understand how working in sales doesn’t just offer a single role â€" there are plenty of different job titles out there with their own unique responsibilities and ups and downs.Therefore, what it’s really like working in sales can depend on your specific title. The tiles could be as varied as:Digital Media SalesConsultant Sales ExecutiveMedical Supple Sales ManagerTHE PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF THE SLEAZY SALES PERSONSIf there’s one career path that has had its fair share of beating in the popular culture, it must be the salespersons.The industry definit ely doesn’t have the most popular reputation and the generalizations we tend to make about the industry are not flattering â€" in fact if you had to pick a job just based on hearsay and the respect of the wider community, sales would probably be one of the last roles you’d consider.So, what do we think when we hear the word salesperson?If you listen to a survey by a British consultancy company Development Dimensions International (DDI), the popular answer would portray views such as:Sales is ‘a necessary evil’ in the world.The salespersons are out for themselves and do not want what’s best for the customers.Salespersons are just ‘conning and cheating’.You can also find a mixed response to salespeople from these Times Square interviews, conducted by Startup Sales Bootcamp: Indeed, popular culture has often portrayed the salesperson as someone a bit sleazy, looking to make the sale whether or not it’s in the interest of the person or not.But as an article in the Balanc e points out, the only road to long-term success in the career is not through cheating but by “profitably” serving the customers.Furthermore, the changing technology in recent years has added its own twist into the myth of sales industry.Nowadays, when people hear the word ‘sales’, they start thinking about call centers in India and bad customer service.Certain companies, unfortunately, ruined the public image by having people make calls and sales without speaking English.This kind of generalization and ‘a few bad apples’ unfortunately can stick and ruin the industry’s reputation.However, not only are there plenty of reputable and good quality telephone sales jobs overseas but also not all sales roles involve telemarketing in the first place.The sales industry has been, throughout times, quite a popular source for inspiration for authors and filmmakers.There are plenty of movies with caricatures of salespersons and these can be a fun way to get in on the misconceptions and myths about the industry.If you’d like to checkout what the industry looks like through popular culture, you should check out films like:The Death of a Salesman â€" An Emmy-winning adaptation of a popular book in which a traditional salesperson is struggling to adapt to the changes in the industry.Used Cars â€" The movie tells a story of a car salesman who’s all about charisma and boldness. Kurt Russell’s character is the perfect cliché of a salesperson.Jerry McGuire â€" A different take on sales, as the movie is about a sports agent trying to find the best deal for his client. You’ve probably heard some clichéd salesperson use the popular phrase “Show me the money!” from this movie at least once!The Pursuit of Happiness â€" A moving story about the struggles in the industry, as we follow Chris Gardner (played by Will Smith) and his young son after he struggles to succeed in his marginal sales role.WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY TAKE THE WORK IN THE INDUSTRY?While these my ths about the industry have also led some to believe anyone can make it in sales, you’ll find the contrary to be true.It might not require quite the same list of strict qualifications as certain other fields, but it certainly isn’t for those with the wrong kinds of characteristics.The qualificationsSales industry isn’t the most difficult industry to get in.This doesn’t mean that it’s somehow “easy” to become a salesperson â€" it just has more focus on the personality and skillset of the person, rather than a specific degree.Most sales jobs don’t require any specific qualifications and you don’t necessarily need a certain degree (if any!) to get started in the sector.There is no “Sales Degree” to gain.However, it doesn’t mean that there aren’t degrees that can be beneficial in grasping the industry or getting a head start.For example, a Business Degree or a degree in Economics can be helpful for sales jobs. You could also benefit from a degree in English (es pecially if your job focuses on communication) or even Psychology (knowing how the human brain makes decisions can help!).Furthermore, you might get into sales in a specific industry, which might call for a special degree or certification.You can’t often work in pharmaceutical sales jobs or technical sales jobs without training in these fields.Therefore, having a degree in Physics, Chemistry or Engineering could prove useful in your specific field.Overall, qualifications aren’t necessary, but they can be helpful.In some rare instances, you might be required to have previous formal training in the specialized field or at least enroll on a course once the role is offered for you.The characteristicsWhile the qualifications are not quite as important or necessary, it’s imperative to have the right personality and characteristics to survive in the field.If you’d like to work in sales, you should definitely aim to boost and enhance the following characteristics:Negotiating skillsS ince your focus is on making sales, you’ll need to be a good negotiator.This requires you to be able to identify people’s problems, find solutions to those, and be able to present the solution in a way the person agrees with.You will occasionally meet resistance and the customer will usually question your proposals â€" you must be able to be convincing and be able to find common ground that moves you closer to finishing the sale.Customer service skillsNaturally, you also need great customer service skills. You need to get along with people and feel confident in discussing different topics with them.It’s not just about the ability to talk smooth and listen either, customer service is about showing real empathy towards the person and making them feel valued.Therefore, you need to be able to make people feel at ease, solve their problems and help them feel important while still looking after the interest of the company.Strategic abilitiesYou must be able to think strategically in order to survive in the industry.You must be able to quickly identify what the customer is looking for and which are the best selling techniques to use.It’s also likely that your approach won’t be the same from the start to beginning â€" negotiations always take new twists and turns.Furthermore, since you’re in the frontline of the company, you often have a big role in deciding the strategic aspects of the business.Your expertise and understanding of the product can be valuable for product developers and marketing gurus â€" you must be able to identify the strength and weaknesses of the product and the best ways of selling the product or service to customers.FlexibilityFinally, a salesperson has to be flexible. Not only will you be faced with different types of customers, requiring you to approach each sale with a fresh outlook, you’ll also be working in an industry that’s constantly changing.Remember the movie ‘the Death of a Salesman’ (mentioned above)?In it, the ma in character showed inflexibility â€" he didn’t want the industry to change because he wasn’t ready to change.With technology constantly redesigning our lives, salespersons have to remain vigilant and flexible.FIVE CORE REALITIES OF WORKING IN SALESSo, what is it really like working in sales?Now that you know the kind of person you should be and the misconceptions you need to ditch about the sector, let’s examine the five core realities of your daily life as a salesperson.You can view the short video of a typical day in sales job at Unilever Food Solutions: Independent workAlthough you will be meeting other people and conversing in discussions regularly, sales can be rather independent and lonely at times.In most sales jobs, you might have a team but each member is often in charge of making sales alone.You might need to spend most time pursuing customers, setting out strategies and perfecting your sales pitch that you don’t have time talking with colleagues or getting suppor t from your peers.However, the upside for this is the independence to make decisions. You generally don’t need to run to your manager for everything â€" the salesperson that can make strategic decisions on his or her own can make the most sales.Long work-hoursSales jobs are not always your typical 9-to-5 roles, although you might encounter these as well. The workdays can be long and require you to be flexible.In an interview with Above the Fold Magazine, sales representative Trevor Malkoske talked about his typical day. He starts it at 7 am, writing e-mails and responses to customers. Although he stops around 5 pm to spend time with his family, he also checks his Blackberry for messages after 9.30 pm. The day’s rather long and busy, showcasing how the industry isn’t just about quick sales and short days.Furthermore, if you are a travelling salesperson, you can expect your days to be even longer. Weekend work is also not uncommon â€" a lot of sales fairs and events actually run during the weekend!Problem-solving nature of tasksThe thing to know about sales is not that you need to make claims that get people to buy the product or the service, but that you need to solve problems.Every day in the industry is like being a detective. You meet a client and it’s your job to understand what particular problem in their life could be solved by the product or service you’re selling.It’s not just about selling them a lunchbox for bananas (they exist!), but finding out the problem they have that can be solved by the banana box (they always ruin their work files with mushed bananas, for example).Once you’ve been able to identify the problem (which the client might not know they have!), it’s your job to convince them how your product and service can help them overcome this issue.The difficulty is that not everyone has the same problems â€" your workday isn’t about finding those people that suffer from mushy bananas, but to meet people and identify their part icular problems with bananas and lunchboxes.Working in sales is almost like being a detective.Competitive, but tough salary progressionNow, working in sales has plenty of cool sides to it: being a detective, advancing your career, meeting new people and so on.But let’s be honest here; what about the money?You shouldn’t consider a career path just for the sake of money, but you do want to know what your bank account might look like.Sales is not an easy road to riches. You shouldn’t expect to become a millionaire overnight.However, you can proceed in your career and make a good amount of money in the industry â€" it definitely isn’t the worst career path in terms of earnings.The key thing to understand is how sales salaries are not stagnant monthly paychecks, but often directly linked with performance.You can in most cases earn a commission based on the number of sales you’re able to achieve â€" therefore, the better you are at your job, the more you can earn.Let’s look at the entry-level salaries for sales representatives:In the US, you can earn around $39,000In the UK, you can earn around $40,000 Those are for entry-level roles. In the US, an average sales representative will earn around $56,000. Furthermore, as you advance in your career, your earnings tend to go up as well.If you examine the executive and senior level sales roles, the earnings tend to climb up.Here are a few average salaries for sales roles:Sales Manager $130,000Sales Director $102,000Sales (at home) -$95,000Consulting Sales $120,000 to $250,000Digital Media Sales $170,000 to $180,000Telecommunications sales $70,000 to $100,000Remember the above figures are often just the basic salaries â€" in almost all cases, you can also earn commissions, which could almost double your annual earnings.View the above figures in more detail here, here, here, here, here and here.A solid platform for your career pathPerhaps more than any other industry, sales offers plenty of opportunities to further your career â€" especially outside of sales.While you shouldn’t get into the sector with the intention of using it as a stepping stone, working in sales does prepare you well for countless other roles.The nature of the job is so demanding and full of transferable skills, which are going to be valued in many other roles.You learn to communicate with people, you learn to work on your own and think on your feet, and you learn to set objectives and achieve them, among other things.These are skills and experiences are valuable elsewhere â€" good communication, strategic thinking and problem-solving are part of most roles.If you can show a good track-record of working in sales, you could potentially improve your chances of working in multiple other roles.A sales role in fashion could help you become an editor or you might move on to human resources after working on the floor, for example.Therefore, if you’re not quite sure what you want to do and the above appeals to you, the n pursue a job in sales. It’ll teach you a great deal and it will help you push further.THE BOTTOM LINE OF WORKING IN SALESThe sales industry is definitely one of the most misunderstood industries in the world. It has a bad reputation and people often view it through negative myths â€" it’s not often an aspirational career path for people.However, the industry offers plenty of exciting and varied career opportunities. It’s not an easy career path to crack and working in sales (successfully!) can be harder than you think.You need to be able to solve problems, think fast, and be able to work on your own in order to succeed.It’s also an industry that can help be used as a stepping stone for other career paths â€" the transferable skills you gain from sales are admired almost in every other sector.

Questions and Answer About Bullying, Types of Justice and...

Question 1. Workplace bullying demonstrates a lack of which one of the three types of organizational justice? Question 2 What aspects of motivation might workplace bullying reduce? For example, are there likely to be effects on an employee’s self-efficacy? If so, what might those effects be? Workplace bullying demonstrates a lack of which one of the three types of organizational justice? According to Jerald Greenberg, organizational justice is refers to an employee’s perception of their organization behaviors, decisions and actions and how these influence the employees own attitudes and behaviors at work. This term is closely connected to the concept of fairness. Employees who are sensitive to decisions made on by their†¦show more content†¦Fair allocation of resources, or distributive justice, is crucial to the stability of an organization and the well-being of its members. When issues of distributive justice are inefficiently distribute and the item to be distributed is highly valued, conflicts will frequently result. Procedural justice concentrates on the methods and actions that should be fair for everyone. Michelle Maiese also stated that procedural justice is concerned with making and implementing decisions according to fair processes that ensure a fair treatment. Rules must be fairly followed and consistently practical in order to generate an unbiased decision. Those who carrying out the procedures should be neutral, and those who directly affected by the decisions should have some voice or representation in the decision-making process. If people believe procedures to be fair, they will be more likely to accept outcomes, even ones that they do not like. Interactional justice looks at the way people mingle with each other in a way that is fair for everyone. Interactional justice concerns fairness of how individuals treat one another not only when resources are distributed but in everyday interactions as well. Interactional justice refers to the treatment that an individual get as decisions are made and can be promoted by providing explanations for decisions and delivering the news with sensitivity and respect (Bies Moag, 1986). A construct validation study by Colquitt (2001) proposesShow MoreRelatedOb - Bullying Bosses - Case Incident 21773 Words   |  8 PagesChapter 7 – Case incident 2 Bullying Bosses Questions: 1. How does workplace bullying violate the rules of organizational justice? To answer this question we need to know what organizational justice is. Organizational justice is divided in 3 main theories such as Distributive Justice, Procedural Justice and Interactional Justice.   This theories of justice are created to make the workplace an effective and a pleasant place, where everyone is treated with the same fairness. 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Because the characteristicsRead MoreAn Assessment Of Competencies Of Team Leaders9717 Words   |  39 Pagesstress at work are part of their management repertoire or not. The overall aim is to make team leaders aware of how their behaviour and management style can affect their subordinates so that the requisite changes can be made if necessary, to bring about a reduction in the levels of work-related stress exp erienced by employees. Method: A Managements’ Standards approach to stress management was used to extract and analyse the data in this study. This approach has been developed by the Health and SafetyRead MoreHow to Improve the Eduacation System in America2457 Words   |  10 Pagespersonal safety, feelings of effectiveness in the classroom, and on the general learning environment† (Taylor 2012). 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Why I Am My Top Strengths And My Greatest Weakness

In the U.S., 48% of children are living in poverty† (Gambrell, Part 1, 2014). Poverty places children at a higher risk for a number of problems, including those associated with brain development and social and emotional development† (Part 1). Evidence-Based Best Practices are crucial for successful literary development in our society. These practices transcend through all socioeconomic statues and different demographics, they remove the disadvantages some may face and create an environment that promotes equity and equality. The Evidence-Based Practices presented, thoroughly represent the elements that are necessary for literary success. Ten Evidence-Based Practices were discussed in our book. For the sake of this short evaluation, I will only be discussing the practices that I believe to be my top strengths and my greatest weakness. However, I do believe that all elements listed are incredibly important. The list, in my opinion, was complete and impressive. I agreed with all statements and felt no need to add any additional practices. In order for a classroom to flourish, most or all of the practices discussed must be present. Number one, I find to be of greatest importance. â€Å"Create a classroom culture that nurtures literacy motivation by integrating choice, collaboration, and relevance into literacy tasks† (Gambrell, Part 1, 2014). It is empowering to be given a choice. It is important to give students the opportunity to review material that encourages them to engage inShow MoreRelatedStrengths And Strengths Of Leadership Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesStrengths Quest Theological Reflection Should psychologists and counselors focus on what is right or wrong with a person? The strengths theory is used to identify individual strengths - or what is right - in a person so he or she can accentuate and develop those strengths. This theory is developed on the principle of positive psychology, and basically studies what is right in a person rather than what is wrong with a person. Psychologists created this theory after studying top achievers. Top achieversRead MoreInterview Qa1691 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion and answer: What are your goals for the future?(how do you see yourself five years from now?) †¢ My long-term goals involve growing with a company where I can continue to learn, take on additional responsibilities, and contribute as much of value as I can. †¢ I see myself as a top performing employee in a well-established organization, like this one. I plan on enhancing my skills and continuing my involvement in (related) professional associations. Are you overqualified for this job? †¢ As you noteRead MoreInterview Qa1683 Words   |  7 Pagesand answer: What are your goals for the future?(how do you see yourself five years from now?) †¢ My long-term goals involve growing with a company where I can continue to learn, take on additional responsibilities, and contribute as much of value as I can. †¢ I see myself as a top performing employee in a well-established organization, like this one. I plan on enhancing my skills and continuing my involvement in (related) professional associations. Are you overqualified for this job? †¢ As youRead MoreReflective Journal : Nurse Manager Position1595 Words   |  7 Pagesmanager role has been a slow but sure process in my career. Being a nurse for 26 years, I transitioned into a leadership role about three years ago. Emergency room nursing has been my background for the past 22 years, then about five years ago began to think about leadership. 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In order to do this, I had to comprehend the question and decide what approach would be the most effective for that problem. I would then write out all of the given information andRead MoreEssay on Mid Term Case Study1244 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped by Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer, there are five different approaches to values to deal with moral issues, which are: The Utilitarian Approach: the ethical decision should provides the greatest good for the greatest number; The Rights Approach: the decision should respect the moral rights of everyone; The Fairness or Justice Approach: the decision progress should treats everyone the same unless there is a justifiable reason not to, and does notRead MorePersonal Note On Personal Profile1488 Words   |  6 PagesThree Journal Personal Profile Driven, strong, and tactful are the three power words I choose to descries my personally. I am generally pretty ambitious person, and when I set my mind to something I won’t stop until I feel like I reached my objective. The weighty thing to me is that I’m not motivated by folks admiration and I’m not bogged down by folks disapproval. I’m just trying to work at the ultimate stage I can. For me, being strong is just about being able to stick it out through great hardshipRead MoreThe Electronic Health Record ( Ehr )1920 Words   |  8 PagesAn external strength is the availability of new technology in the workplace. There are many emerging technologies that will change the practice of nursing in the coming decade including genetics and genomics, less invasive and more accurate tools for diagnosis and treatment of diseases, 3-D printing, robotic simulations, biometrics, electronic health records, and even computerized physician order sets (Huston, 2013). Thi s skill set is forecasted to become even more essential in the coming years.

The Rugmaker of Mazar-E-Sharif Free Essays

Mazari has been through all sorts of conflict throughout his lifetime from where he was a young boy minding sheep in Afghanistan to opening an authentic rug store in Australia. He first had a major loss happen to him when he was a young boy and his father was killed. This was a traumatic time for his family and there was a conflict within his family. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rugmaker of Mazar-E-Sharif or any similar topic only for you Order Now When his father died, Najaf was forced to take on new responsibilities within the family and everyone had to do their part. When he was a young teenager his house was hit by a rocket causing major damage to his leg. His leg took over 6 months to heal properly and he was finding it difficult to cope in this time as he saw himself as a burden on his family which was a personal conflict. He has faced various conflicts during his time at Woomera detention centre, one of which was a religious conflict. Certain people could not talk to other people because of their religion. This made a somewhat difficult experience in his life even more difficult as he was continuously having trouble with other people because they believed in different gods. Finally when he was released and working freely in Australia he had conflicts at his work places. One of which was when he worked for a lady who was too demanding on him and he could not work to her expectations with him. This was a cultural conflict as he was not used to working under her conditions. How to cite The Rugmaker of Mazar-E-Sharif, Essay examples

Economic Analysis

Question: 1.Research and indetify the types of unemployment in the chosen economy ? Answer : Introduction The main aim of this paper is to discuss the measurement of performance of an economy by applying different macroeconomic indicators including GDP, GDP per capita, GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, and inflation rate. It also discusses performance trend of the economy during the period of 2005-2014. Moreover, it also talks over the government measures adopted in the country to attain the production output performance, full employment, and stable price. The selected country for this paper is the United Kingdom (UK). The UK is constituted of Northern Ireland, Wales, England, and Scotland. The country plays an important role in the UN, Nato, and EU and it has also a longsighted history as a major player in world affairs. The twentieth century is considered Britain having to give a new definition to its place in the world (United Kingdom country profile, 2011). The UK is a major economic and military power, with significant cultural and political influence worldwide. Different industry sectors including manufacturing and service play an important role in enhancing total GDP of the country. Over the years, several changes can be seen in the political, economic, social, technological, and cultural environment of the country that significantly affects GDP. Production Output Performance Analysis GDP, GDP per capita, and GDP growth rate: The GDP is a measure of output and national income for a country's economy (Myers, 2016). The GDP is equal to total expenditures for all final goods and services produced in a specific time period within a country. The below graph presents the UK GDP from 2005 to 2014: (Source: Trading Economics, 2016). t is clear that GDP in the UK was 2418.94 USD Billion in the year 2005, reaching an all time high of 2990.20 in the year 2014. The above graph shows that GDP in the UK decreased greatly from year 2008 to 2009, but it continuously increased after the year 2009 to 2014. The below Graph shows the UK GDP per capita over 10 year period: (Source: Trading Economics, 2016). It is clear from the above graph that GDP per capita reached to 40933.46 USD Billion in the year 2014 from 39020.65 USD Billion in year 2005. The above graph indicates that GDP per capita increased after year 2005 to year 2007 and decreased in the year 2008 and 2009 and reached to 38008.82. It is also found that after year 2009, GDP per capita regularly increased to the year 2014. GDP per capita is received by dividing the gross domestic product in the country, adjusted by inflation, by the total population (Trading Economics, 2016). In addition, the below graph shows GDP growth rate in the UK during this period: (Source: Trading Economics, 2016). The above graph presents that GDP growth rate was approx 1.4% in the year 2005, which continuously decreased to the year 2014 and reached to approx 0.5% in that year. Overall, it can be stated that in the UK, GDP rate is fluctuating over the period of 10 years. At the same time, a declining trend can be depicted in the GDP growth rate, which indicates to the decline in the total production and spending in the economy. The declining GDP growth rate also indicates to the decline in the income level, which affects the growth of the economy significa ntly.UK Government takes several actions and develops effective policies to stimulate strong and sustainable economic growth in the country. For example, it is found that to achieve the production output performance, the UK government largely invests in infrastructure including road networks, scientific excellence, energy, communication, transport, etc (UK Government Policy Paper, 2015). The government has plan to invest over 100 billion for the development of a better infrastructure. Additionally, the government also introduced new measures in the infrastructure act in order to better the fund, management and maintenance of national infrastructure. In addition, the UK government also invests in science and technology to support the production output performance. Moreover, the government also take actions to increase access to finance for businesses and households by providing more incentives to banks and other lending institutes (UK Government Policy Paper, 2015). Additionally, to support small businesses and entrepreneurs so that GDP can be improved, the government has also created a British business bank. It is also evaluated that the UK government has also developed various policies including UK trade and investment (UKTI), direct lending scheme, and UK export finance to increase the export and assist inward investment resulting in improving the GDP. For instance, through UKTI, the government provides expert global trade advice and practical support to the UK's local companies, which want to grow their business in the foreign markets. Additionally, it is also found that the government also cut corporation tax to 20% from April 2015 and also simplified business regulations in order to develop UK businesses and induce economic growth (UK Government Policy Paper, 2015). Additionally, it is also evaluated that to stimulate growth, the government also invested in creating a more educated manpower in order to lead creativity and innovation. Concurrently, it is also found that the UK government works with international institutions such as World Bank, International monetary fund, etc., supp ort local growth, and makes a more effective and efficient planning system in order to stimulate the current economic growth. Labour Market Analysis Unemployment Rate: The below graph shows the changes in the unemployment rate in the UK over the period of 10 years: (Source: Trading Economics, 2016) It is clear from the above graph that the unemployment rate was significantly increased during the years 2008 to 2012. It is also found that after the year 2012, the unemployment rate was constantly decreased to the year 2014, which is beneficial for the economic growth of the country. Thus, it shows a declining trend in the unemployment rate in the UK, which can have a positive impact on the people's income as well as the growth of the economy (Wagner, 2013). It also indicates that employment opportunities are regularly increasing in the UK that significantly contributed in lowering the unemployment rate in the country. Main types of unemployment in an economy include cyclical, structural, frictional, and geographic (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee, 2012). The below are some types of unemployment in the UK: Cyclical and Demand Deficient: This kind of unemployment occurred in the UK due to recession period during 2008-2013. It is because in the recession, real GDP reduced and firms produce less resulting in less demand for employees and loss of jobs (Lipsey and Chrystal, 2015). Structural: It is also found in the UK due to the changes in the nature of the economy (Grant, Vidler, and Smith, 2003). For example, as the UK economy is becoming more service sector oriented, many manufacturing jobs have been lost. Moreover, as the current UK's economy is consisting of high tech industries, it is difficult for many unemployed workers to get jobs due to lack of required knowledge and skills. Youth: In the UK, there is high unemployment amongst young workers because they have lack of adequate motivation and skills (Pettinger, 2015). Frictional: Frictional factors also cause some unemployment. For example, it takes time to get a new job to the unemployed people (Lipsey and Chrystal, 2015). Geographic: In some regions and particular areas like north, unemployment is high in the UK. The UK government takes appropriate measures to achieve full employment (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee, 2012). For example, the government proposed three priorities for G20 governments to attain full employment. These priorities include building of active market policies and policies to increase or maintain the labour demand, social protection policies to support vulnerable or disadvantaged group (by linking to employment measures), and development of education and skill policies (The Stationery Office Limited, 2009). In addition, the government also significantly invests in building more educated workforce to enhance employability (UK Government Policy Paper, 2015). Moreover, the government also invested significantly to increase the policies for the active labour market in order to assist people to get jobs. For instance, through this investment, the UK government is expanding employment services, creating extra training places, jobs, and experiences. Concurrently, it is also assessed that the UK government also increases spending to create more employment opportunities in the public sector and other volunteer sector (The British Government, 2016). Thus, it can be stated that the government in the UK plays an important role in reducing the unemployment rate and stimulate the economic growth. Price Level Analysis Inflation Rate: Inflation refers to the continuous increase in the overall price level of the economy (Belke and Polleit, 2011). Inflation measures the price level or consumer price in an economy. During any stage of business cycle, inflation can take place and it is one of the major constraint on consumer spending. It is evaluated that due to rising cost of production factors such as raw materials and human resources as well as excess demand, inflation can occur (Boone and Kurtz, 2012). It is also found that inflation devalues money (through persistent increase in the price) by decreasing the number of products it can buy. The below graph shows the UK inflation rate over the period of 2005-2014. (Source: Trading Economics, 2016). It is found that the inflation rate in the year 2005 was approx 2.80%, which reduced to 2.2% in the year 2014. In addition, the above graph presents a fluctuating trend in the inflation rate during the period of 2005-2014. It also indicates that in the most of years, inflation rate continuously decreased. It is also identified that during this period the UK experienced a cost-push inflation, which was mainly caused due to higher taxes, increasing oil prices, and devaluation of pound. Moreover, inflation was also caused by other factors including lower prices of energy including gas, decreasing other commodity prices such as food and metal, supermarket price wars among Tesco, Sainsbury, etc (Ball, 2012). It can also be stated that decreasing inflation rate was beneficial for the UK's economic growth. It is because it improved the purchasing power of customers and enable them to buy more product and services. Concurrently, it is evaluated that the government uses different measures to achieve stable price in the economy. It is found that inflation target is one of the important government measures, which is used in the UK to attain stable price. In the UK, price stability is defined by the inflation target of 2% by the government (Bank of England, 2016). In other words, it can be stated that in order to ensure price stability, UK government ensures that the price level increases gradually, by an average of no more than 2% each year. In the annual budget statement, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announces the inflation target of the government each year (Bank of England, 2016). At the same time, if inflation falls outside of the limits, the Bank of England is forced to interfere. In addition to this, Central Bank's monetary policy is also an important measure to achieve price stability and supports the UK government in attaining economic objectives of growth and employment. Moreover, the government also develops policies to control the money and attain stable prices in the UK. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be summarized that different macroeconomic variables significantly impact on the economic performance of a country. It can also be summarized that GDP, unemployment rate, and inflation rate are some important macroeconomic variables that are used by the government to evaluate the economic performance of the country. It can be stated that the GDP rate is fluctuating in the UK over last ten years. It can also be stated that after the year 2008, GDP per capita and real GDP increased to the year 2014. Low GDP in the UK shows lower total production output, which is not good for the sustainable growth of the country. At the same time, it can also be stated that unemployment rate and inflation rate decreased in the UK during the period 2009-2014. It can be stated that the decline in the inflation rate positively supported the UK economy to maintain the price level and enhance consumer confidence towards purchasing. Concurrently, the decrease in the unemploy ment rate also supported in increasing the income level of consumers. It can also be stated that the UK government uses different measures such as inflation target and monetary policy to stable the prices as well as active labour market policies and creating employment opportunities to attain full employment. Additionally, it can also be stated that the government significantly invests in infrastructure, support export and small businesses through funding and other facilitates, development of educated workforce, etc. to stimulate the economic growth. Overall, it can be stated that the government in the UK take necessary actions required to stimulate the economic growth. References Ball, L. (2012) UK e-Book for Money, Banking and Financial Markets. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Bank of England (2016) Monetary Policy Framework. Available at: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetarypolicy/Pages/framework/framework.aspx [Accessed: 8th December, 2016]. Belke, A. and Polleit, T. (2011) Monetary Economics in Globalised Financial Markets. Germany: Springer Science Business Media. Boone, L. E. and Kurtz, D. L. (2012) Contemporary Marketing, 2013 Update. USA: Cengage Learning. Grant, S., Vidler, C. and Smith, C. (2003) Heinemann Economics A2 for AQA. UK: Heinemann. Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee (2012) Youth Unemployment and the Youth Contract: Second Report of Session 2012-13, Vol. 1: Report, Together with Formal Minutes, Oral and Written Evidence, Volume 1. UK: The Stationery Office. Lipsey, R. and Chrystal, A. (2015) Economics. UK: Oxford University Press. Myers, D. (2016) Construction Economics: A New Approach. UK: Routledge. Pettinger, T. (2015) UK Unemployment Stats and Graphs. Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/5695/alevel/unemployment-stats-and-graphs/ [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. The British Government (2016) Achieve full employment in the UK through government policy. Available at: https://www.change.org/p/the-british-government-achieve-full-employment-in-the-uk-through-government-policy [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. The Stationery Office Limited (2009) Building Britains Recovery: Achieving Full Employment Presented. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/238506/7751.pdf [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Trading Economics (2016) Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom/gdp-per-capita [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Trading Economics (2016) Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom/gdp [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Trading Economics (2016) Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom/inflation-cpi [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Trading Economics (2016) Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom/gdp-growth [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Trading Economics (2016) Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-kingdom/unemployment-rate [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. UK Government Policy Paper (2015) 2010 to 2015 government policy: UK economic growth. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-uk-economic-growth/2010-to-2015-government-policy-uk-economic-growth [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. United Kingdom country profile (2011) BBC News. Available at: https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1038758.stm [Accessed: 7th December, 2016]. Wagner, H. (2013) Globalization and Unemployment. New York: Springer Science Business media.

Abraham Lincoln Essays

Abraham Lincoln Essays Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln BY cbailey7262 Abraham Lincolns killer, John Wilkes Booth, was a Maryland native born in 1838 who remained in the North during the Civil War despite his Confederate sympathies. As the conflict entered its final stages, he and several associates hatched a plot to kidnap the president and take him to Richmond, the Confederate capital. However, on March 20, 1865, the day of the planned kidnapping, Lincoln failed to appear at the spot where Booth and his six fellow conspirators lay in wait. Two weeks later, Richmond fell to Union forces. In April, with Confederate armies near collapse across the South, Booth came up with a desperate plan to save the Confederacy. Learning that Lincoln was to attend Laura Keenes acclaimed performance of Our American Cousin at Fords Theatre in Washington, D. C. , on April 14, Booth†himself a well-known actor at the time†masterminded the simultaneous assassination of Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward. By urdering the president and two of his possible successors, Booth and his co- conspirators hoped to throw the U. S. government into disarray. Lincoln occupied a private box above the stage with his wife Mary, a young army officer named Henry Rathbone and Rathbones fianc? ©, Clara Harris, the daughter of New York Senator Ira Harris. The Lincolns arrived late for the comedy, but the president was reportedly in a fine mood and laughed heartily during the production. At 10:15, Booth slipped into the box and fired his . -caliber single-shot derringer into the back of Lincolns head. After stabbing Rathbone, who immediately rushed at him, in the shoulder, Booth leapt onto the stage and shouted, Sic semper tyrannis! (Thus ever to tyrants! -the Virginia state motto). At first, the crowd interpreted the unfolding drama as part of the production, but a scream from the first lady told them otherwise. Although Booth broke his leg in the fall, he managed to leave the theater and escape from W ashington on horseback.

Definition and Examples of Sentence Case

Definition and Examples of Sentence Case Sentence case is the conventional way of using capital letters in a sentence or capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns. In most newspapers in the U.S. and in virtually all publications in the U.K., sentence case, also known as down style and reference style, is the standard form for headlines. Examples and Observations The 100-year-old scientist who pushed the FDA to ban artificial trans fat.Barack Obama flies to thank troops who killed Bin Laden.FBI investigating Cardinals alleged hacking of Astros computer system.AP Style: HeadlinesOnly the first word and proper nouns are capitalized...APA Style: Sentence Style in Reference ListsIn titles of books and articles in reference lists, capitalize only the first word, the first word after a colon or em dash, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the second word of a hyphenated compound.Librarians and bibliographers work with minimal capitals [i.e., sentence case], . . . yet [other options] are well established in literary tradition. For many people theres virtue in using [sentence case] in lists and bibliographies, but using one of the other options for titles quoted in the course of a written discussion.In major companies, the problem of consistency may be largely unreconcilable. The public relations department has to use a down style because it is writi ng for newspapers, but department heads insist on capitalizing the names of titles and departments... Sources The Washington Post, June 16, 2015The Guardian  [U.K.], May 7, 2011Democrat and Chronicle  [Rochester, N.Y.], June 16, 2015The Associated Press Stylebook: 2013, edited by Darrell Christian, Sally Jacobsen, and David Minthorn. The Associated Press, 2013(Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. American Psychological Association, 2010Pam Peters,  The Cambridge Guide to English Usage. Cambridge University Press, 2004Donald Bush and Charles P. Campbell,  How to Edit Technical Documents. Oryx Press, 1995

The is a section of whole essay,read the requirement i send you Essay

The is a section of whole ,read the requirement i send you carefully, - Essay Example For instance, if a person relates stress to hate, response will be negative and the vice versa is true. One research carried out in New Jersey showed that the way individuals perceive the concept of time can either reduce or increase stress. Job experience Job and career experience is a factor in determination of ability to handle stress. Some managers, directors and one’s seniors handle job-related situations with their juniors differently. Badly handled cases will promote resentment and accelerate negative response to those stresses. The employees who may feel dissatisfied with the outcome of such a scenario are likely to be overwhelmed. Individual persons have threshold standards for workload, of which when it is more than what they are used to, then they see that as workload. The extra work as perceived by such a person brings discomfort, leading to psychological strain, and thus stress. (Aldwin, 2007).       Social support Stress effects in most cases trickle down to other individuals. It affects friends, family members, work mates. Social support is an integral factor in stress management. Excellent social support especially from the loved ones enables an individual to thrive. Poor support translates to the person being overwhelmed. This support may be tangible or psychological thus facilitating quick positive response to the stressor. Personality Different personalities are prone to potential stressors. The cumulative mannerisms of an individual are important in mitigating stressors. Nevertheless, building strong personality qualities are likely to buffer stress. Affording a smile is seen as a remedy to minimizing stressors (Semmer, 2003). A person who has experienced stress is likely to overcome similar potential stressors or even avoid them. This is dependent more to the anatomical and physiological responses by the body system.   Cultural differences and consequences of stress Culture being the cumulative day to day events, beliefs and in teractions, does play a key role in stress experience, reaction and management.   Different cultures reduce or increase the likelihood of stress. In some cultures, a lot of value is attached to cohesion among the society members. In case of an event like death, such members will experience grief, feeling of great loss and a gap left by the diseased. Death is the stressor in such a society. Cultures are seen to differ from one country to another. Geographical location and community interactions here tend to vary greatly. At work levels, the same is experienced; where the employee demands to keep up with the ever changing and quickening speed of transformation and to push productivity levels as well as accuracy tend to be a source of stress. U.S employees In the USA, majority of employees are stressed by lack of control. For instance, this could be as a result of anxiety when ones fears possible job loss. Sometimes it may be connected to office politics, differences in opinion among employees, in ability to balance between family and work, general disagreements among others. In addition, full time jobs, volunteer responsibilities, after-school learner activities, and the simple management of the day to day activities make some U.S-based individuals stressed up. It’s highly recommended that one visits a counselor or a medical doctor. This helps in stress management. Berry, 2006 suggested that people in the U.S are likely to manage and reduce stress more

Clorox vs. Shout Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Clorox vs. Shout - Term Paper Example Thus it is necessary for the company to identify its strengths and weaknesses in order to develop strategies to improve its market share and sales and thus gain competitive advantage over its competitors. Its strengths are that is enjoys customer loyalty and give back to the community thus good reputation. The weakness of Clorox is that it is a small company concentrated only in a small region of the global market. SC Johnson on the other hand enjoys the strength of having its products all over the global market. However they have a disadvantage that they do no give back to the community and have limited customer loyalty. The recommendations that Clorox Company can implement in order to achieve competitive advantage of the product category market include strategic marketing, innovations and expansions of its operations and products into new markets so as to gain global market value and dominate it as well. Market Analysis of Product Category The bleach market globally is expected to have a value of $2.6 billion which is an increase from 2008 by 0.7%. Americans alone accounts for almost 50% of the global market value of the bleach while the Clorox contribute 28.5% share of bleach’s global market value. ... Hence its existence for more than six generations has helped in gaining customer loyalty and confidence which gives them advantage over their competitors like Sc Johnson. The product category have been recording increased sales over the years however currently due to economic crisis consumers tend to go for the products that are cheaper and economical. Due to presence of some chemicals in the product category, Clorox Company decided to introduce green products as a market strategy to improve sales and lure the consumers since nowadays everyone wants to go green and protect the environment. This was done in 2008 and for the first few years the sales increased enormously (Thomas, 58). However when the global recession crept in the sales started declining because people prefer to buy the normal Clorox which is lower in price as compared to the green option. At the end of the day consumers want to promote environmental protection but not at a higher cost. Clorox Company is relatively sma ll as compared to SC Johnson and it commands mostly domestic market unlike SC Johnson which commands global market. This has give SC Johnson an advantage over Clorox since they cover almost all countries in the world. This has given challenge to Clorox and currently they are putting together strategies that can help them expand and they are especially eyeing the Canadian market. The household market is growing quite rapidly and thus other companies are gaining market value globally at the expense of Clorox Company. Market analysis of the product category shows that there a variety of cleaning products in the market. Many companies have invaded the household cleaning products market thus quite a number of cleaning products for the consumer to chose

Design Stage in Construction

Design Stage in Construction Here I will explain all the relevant stages and factors which need to be taken into account in the design stage of construction in relation to the RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects) plan of work. RIBA Plan of Work A Inception Client establishes basic requirements, cost ranges, timetables, etc. He appoints architect and principle consultants. Basic project organization is established. Firstly the client will establish the basic requirements, cost ranges, timetables, etc and an architect will be appointed and they will be consulted for his help and professional opinion. The architect will be required to carry out the following jobs. 01 Obtain information about the site from the Client 02 Visit the site and carry out an initial appraisal 03 Assist the Client in preparation of Clients requirements 04 Advise the Client on methods of procuring construction 05 Advise on the need for specialist contractors, sub-contractors and suppliers to design and execute parts of the Works. 06 Prepare proposals and make application for outline planning approval. The architect will need at least one meeting client and will aim to establish the main parts and general outline of his requirements. It is important for the architect to plan his work so that it matches the fees he is receiving. These fees are charged at a percentage of the overall cost of the project depending on the job type. At this stage the main financial concern is limitations. This is where money must not be overspent and prices for materials must stay acceptable. It is important that acceptable methods of communication are discussed during the early stages of the job. B Feasibility The following processes will be carried out at this stage. 01 Carry out such studies as may be necessary to determine the feasibility of Clients requirements 02 Review the Clients alternative design and construction approaches and the cost implications 03 Advise on the need to obtain planning permission, approvals under Building Acts and or other regulations or other statutory requirements. 04 Develop the Clients requirements. 05 Advise on environmental impact and prepare a report In this stage the architect will work out whether it is technically possible to construct the motel on our given site. In order to do this the architect will have to obtain information on costs, detailed information on the site and information on the clients requirements provided at the inception stage. The local authority will be asked to supply us with there standard briefing checklist that will be used to record information. The highway authority will be consulted to carry out checks to determine that there are no problems with access relating to the site. These are all discussed in meetings. Drawings and models will be produced to help determine feasibility. These will be purely visual aids only and will not consist of construction information or details. After the results of the investigations are gathered, the architect will report to the client and say whether or not it is a feasible proposition to meet the client requirements. Brief The brief is the means of communicating the clients requirements to the professionals who will be responsible for implementing the Clients instructions. The instructions may be to a lawyer, an architect, an interior designer, etc. Although there are many forms of brief, the brief for a construction project will be dealt with, in particular, in these notes, but the process and approach is applicable to any brief. The brief should be based on a systematic appraisal of the Clients requirements. The brief should not be based on preconceived ideas or assumptions. The brief may be developed through discussion and negotiation, which are used to clarify and define the Clients needs. The brief will form the terms of reference for the work to be undertaken by the Professional. As a set of instructions, the clearer and the more detailed the information supplied, the greater the probability that the service being provided will fulfil the Clients requirements. Thus it is important that a brief gives very detailed information describing precisely the requirements of the Client. The brief, as well as communicating factual information, it should also define the constraints and criteria within which the professional must work. Such constraints and criteria may be the budget, the time scale, etc. C Outline Proposals The brief is further developed in line with the general approach to layout, design, construction and services. A cost plan is established. The client is asked for his authoritative approval on how to proceed. 0.1 Analyze the Clients requirements; prepare outline proposals. 0.2 Provide information to discuss proposals with and incorporate input of other consultants 0.3 Provide information to other consultants for the preparation of an approximation of construction costs 0.3 A Provide an approximation of construction costs 04 Submit outline proposals and approximation of construction cost for the Clients approval 05 Propose a procedure for cost planning and control 06 Provide information to others for cost planning and control throughout the project 06 A Operate the procedure for cost planning and control throughout the project 07 Prepare and keep updated a Clients running expenditure plan for the project 08 Carry out negotiations with tenants or others identified by the Client Here the architect will relate the clients requirements to the information given in stage B. expert advice from structural and building engineers will be sort. The relevant parties will then discuss the various different options given to us This will help us to determine what type of construction would be best for the site on plot j. now the outline scheme drawings can be prepared. Cost limits of the project will be taken into account by the quantity surveyor, where the architect will help him. Within the cost limits the quantity surveyor and architect will discuss the building standard, which can be provided with these limits. Indication as to when the building work will start on site and when it is to finish, an outline pre-contract programme will be prepared. D Scheme Design The brief is completed and architectural, engineering and services designs are integrated. The cost plan, overall programme and outline specification are developed and planning and other approvals applied for. A report is submitted to the client for his approval. 01 Develop scheme design from approved outline proposals 02 Provide the information to discuss proposals with and incorporate input of other consultant into scheme design 03 Provide information to other consultants for their preparation of cost estimate 03 A Prepare cost estimate 04 Prepare preliminary timetable for construction 05 Consult with planning authorities 06 Consult with Building Control Authorities 07 Consult with Fire Authorities 08 Consult with environmental authorities 09 Consult with licensing authorities 10 Consult with statutory undertakers 11 Prepare application for full planning approval 12 Submit scheme design showing spatial arrangements, materials and appearance together with cost estimate for the Clients approval 13 Consult with tenants and others identified 14 Conduct exceptional negotiations with planning authorities 15 Submit an application for full planning approval 16 Prepare multiple applications for full planning approval 17 Submit multiple planning applications 18 Make revisions to scheme design to deal with requirements of planning authorities 19 Revise planning application 20 Resubmit planning application 21 Carry out special construction research for the project including design of prototypes. Mock ups or models. 22 Monitor testing of prototypes, mock-ups or models. Now the Design Team will prepare a scheme to show parts of the building as to where they go and what they look like. It will also give a brief description of the materials being used. To do this the architect will have to complete his studies to get the ‘user requirements. Specialist firms and the design team will decide materials, finishes and services etc. We will now sort full planning permission and building regulations approval and all effected parties, which will be involved in the site such as highways and drainage, will be notified of our intentions by the local authority. The architect will now require a cost plan, this will be drafted up with the aid of the quantity surveyor. This will consist of an approximate cost of the project and a separate cost for building 3 and 4. this will then be submitted to the client for his approval. The client will be notified that the scheme cannot change once he has given his approval, and if he does so then this will result in the payment of additional fees. E Detailed Design The team designs, co-ordinates and specifies all parts and components, completes cost checks and obtains clients approval of significant details and costs. Specialist tenders may be sought. 01 Develop the detailed design from the approved scheme design 02 Provide information to discuss proposals with and incorporate input of other consultants into detailed design 03 Provide information to other consultants for their revision of cost estimate 03 A Revise cost estimate 04 Prepare Building Notice under building Act and/or Regulations 05 Agree form of building contract and explain the Clients obligations thereunder 06 Obtain Clients approval of the type of construction, quality of materials and standard of workmanship 07 Apply for approvals under Building Acts and /or Regulations and other statutory requirements 08 Negotiate if necessary over Building Acts and/or regulations and other statutory requirements 09 Conduct exceptional negotiations for approval by statutory authorities 10 Negotiate waivers or relaxations under Building Acts and/or regulations and other statutory requirements. In this stage of the process the final drawing will be completed and the specification of the building will be completed. The specification will be done by the architectural technologist. The plan of work will be put together. The bill of quantities will be put together by the quantity surveyor from the specification. Information will be provided for the revision of cost estimation also the authorities will be consulted on developed design proposals. The client will approve to the type of construction, the quality of the materials, the standard of workmanship and revised cost estimation. The client will be advised on the consequences of any subsequent changes on cost and programming. F Production Information The team prepares working drawings, schedules and specifications and agrees with the client how the work is to be carried out. Specialist tenders may be sought. 01 Prepare production drawings 02 Prepare specifications 03 Provide information to discuss proposals with and incorporate input of other consultants into production information 04 Co-ordinate production information 05 Prepare other production information 06 Submit plans for proposed building works for approval of landlords, funders, freeholders, tenants or others as requested by the Client. The Architectural Technologist will put together a specification so a tender document can be produced. The production information will be prepared for tender purposes; also schedules will be prepared for rates and quantities. The architectural technologist must prepare and submit under building acts and regulation for the statutory requirements. Building notice must be prepared and given however this is not so in Scotland. Roles of the Design Team (Task 1B) Everyone on the design team has specific roles that need to be carried out with care. If a role is not carried out to a specific degree of quality then the offender may be liable for any accidents or damages as this is classed as negligence. The client; These are the clients duties however the client may decide to appoint a clients agent. Then the clients agent would carry these tasks out however it is still the ‘client responsibility to appoint a ‘competent agent to do the job. †¢ Appoint a planning supervisor; †¢ Provide information on health and safety to the planning supervisor; †¢ Appoint a principal contractor; †¢ Ensure those you appoint are competent and adequately resourced to carry out their health and safety responsibilities; †¢ Ensure that a suitable health and safety plan has been prepared by the principal contractor before construction work starts; and †¢ Ensure the health and safety file given to you at the end of the project is kept available for use. If you arrange for someone to prepare a design or for a contractor to carry out construction work on the project, you also have duties to ensure they are competent and are adequately resourced to carry out their health and safety responsibilities. The Architect; The architect is responsible for defining and maintaining the structure of the solution, and ensuring that it will meet the requirements. An architect must also help the team to work together in an agile fashion, to jointly own the solution, and to interface well with other parts of the organization. There are five main parts to this: Understanding the requirements identifying the stakeholders, helping to analyze the requirements and extracting those of architectural significance Formulating the design creating a solution structure which will meet the various requirements, balancing the goals and constraints on the solution, Communicating the architecture making sure that everyone understands the architecture. Different people have different viewpoints, so the architect has to present various views of the system appropriate to different audiences, Supporting the developers making sure that the developers are able to realize the architecture, by a combination of mentoring and direct involvement, Verifying the implementation ensuring the delivered system is consistent with the agreed architecture, and will meet the requirements. The Architectural Technologist; Architectural technologists work in building design and construction management teams, working especially closely with architects. They form the link between the architects concept and the completed construction, bridging the gap between the idea of an attractive functional building and the reality of that building performing successfully. They ensure that the right materials are used and that the building meets building regulations and other legal requirements. They also monitor quality assurance, cost and the meeting of deadlines throughout the lifetime of a construction project. Fully qualified members of the Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists (CIAT) can take total responsibility for the management of a project. The balance of different activities varies according to the kind of projects and the size of the organisation. However, typical work activities usually include: †¢ Meeting with clients and other involved professionals at an early stage to agree the project brief; †¢ Understanding how the design aspects of a construction project influence and relate to performance and functional issues, so that practical questions can be addressed at an early stage; †¢ Evaluating environmental, legal and regulatory issues and advising on these; †¢ Contributing to planning applications and other regulatory application procedures; †¢ Assessing what surveys (e.g. land surveys) are required before work can commence and ensuring such surveys is undertaken and their results fed into the project; †¢ Developing project briefs and working on these as the project progresses; †¢ Preparing and presenting design proposals using computer-aided design (CAD) and traditional drawing methods; †¢ Leading the detailed design process and co-ordinating design information; †¢ Advising clients on procuring the best and most appropriate contracts for the work they are undertaking; †¢ Liaising with appropriate authorities (e.g. planning enquiries and building inspectors) when producing documentation for statutory approval; †¢ Producing, analysing and advising on detailed specifications for suitable materials or processes to be used in construction; †¢ Carrying out design-stage risk assessments; †¢ Administering contracts and project certifications; †¢ Obtaining feedback on work in progress and finished results from clients; †¢ Appraising the performance of buildings which are in use and producing maintenance management information; †¢ Evaluating and advising on refurbishment, re-use, recycling and deconstruction; †¢ Managing the work of trainee technologists; †¢ Contributing to the overall running of business. Landscape Architect; Landscape architects/designers are essentially designers of outdoor spaces, of any land open to the sky, including land lying around and between buildings. They work to ensure that any changes made to the natural environment are appropriate and sensitive, as well as innovative and aesthetically pleasing. Projects can be both urban and rural and range from designing the layout of parks, gardens and housing estates to improving land affected by mineral extraction or motorway construction. The work involves collaborating closely with landscape contractors, as well as other professionals, especially architects, and those working in surveying and engineering functions. Structural Engineer; A structural engineer designs structures that will withstand the pressures they have to endure. These may be buildings, aerials, bridges, oil rigs, aircraft; anything from a playground climbing frames to the tallest building. They develop initial designs, using mathematics to calculate the stress that could arise at each point in the structure, and simulate and model possible situations, such as high winds and earth movements. When construction has commenced, they are often involved in inspecting the work and advising contractors. These engineers often work in partnership with architects. They also examine buildings, bridges and other structures to discover whether or not they are structurally sound. Services Engineer; A building services engineer is responsible for ensuring the cost-effective and environmentally sound design and maintenance of energy-using elements in buildings. They have an important role in developing and maintaining buildings, and their components, to make the most effective use of natural resources and protect public safety. This includes all equipment and materials involved with heating, lighting, ventilation, air-conditioning, electrical distribution, water supply, fire protection, safety systems, lifts and escalators, and even acoustics. Whilst the role increasingly demands a multidisciplinary approach, building services engineers tend to specialise in one of the following areas: Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Public health. Stages of Project Planning Process (Task 1C) Planning Team The project team can be very important and it is essential to show that the team have the relevant experience, skills or training. It is often necessary to employ people who have been associated with similar projects previously. The experts may be expensive or may have limited availability, in which case the expert can be appointed as an advisor and may not have a great input. It is important not to mislead the Client by indicating a greater input than there will be in reality. G Tender Documentation This is the first part of the planning stage. Here, the contract documents have been signed and any matters that have not been signed will be discussed between the architect, the client and the contractor. Both the client and the architect have rights and responsibilities where they must understand their own roles in the project. The client will be the employer and the architect will be the employers agent. Really this meeting will sort out the roles and responsibilities of everyone and a checklist may be used so that nothing is forgotten. H Tender Action Main contract tenders are obtained by negotiation or competitive tendering procedures. The client is asked to agree that suitable tenders are accepted. 01 Advise on and obtain the Clients approval to list of tenderers for the building contract 02 Invite tenders 03 Appraise and report on tenders with other consultants 03 A Appraise and report on tenders 04 Assist other consultants in negotiating with tenderer 04 A Negotiate with a tenderer 05 Assist other consultants in negotiating a price with a contractor 05 A Negotiate a price with a contractor 06 Select a contractor by other means 07 Revise production information to adjust tender sum 08 Arrange for other contracts to be let prior to the main building contract The contractor will be given a list of firms that the architect is considering using including the ones named at the tender stage. The architect must ensure that the contractor has no objections with any of the firms involved. The subcontractors and suppliers will receive letters telling them that they have been successful or unsuccessful. The contractor will then be informed to accept the sub-contractors quotation. When the architect has the meeting with the contractor he must make sure the agreement has been completed the clauses have been deleted from the conditions as appropriate. The signing of the contract includes many operations such as checking the contractors insurance and sending the contractor a copy of the contract. J Project Planning Contract documents are processed. The contractor receives information needed to plan the work. The site inspector is briefed and all roles are defined. The site is made available for work to start. 01 Advise Client on the appointment of the contractor and on the responsibilities of the parties and the Architect under the Building Contract 02 Prepare the building contract and arrange for it to be signed 03 Provide production information as required by the building contract 04 Provide services in connection with demolition 05 Arrange for other contractors to be let subsequent to the commencement of the building contract Production information must be ready for the project meeting. This is the meeting that takes place before any work starts on site. The project information will be made up of two copies of the drawings, schedules and specifications. Copies of statutory approvals and the architect and contractor programme will be needed. K Operations on Site Contract is administered and contractual obligations fulfilled with progress and quality control monitored. Financial control, with regular reports to the client, is maintained. 01 Administer the terms of the building contract 02 Conduct meetings with the contractor to review progress 03 Provide information to other consultants for the preparation of financial reports of the Client 03 A Prepare financial reports for the Client 04 Generally inspect materials delivered to site 05 As appropriate instruct the taking of samples, carrying out of tests of materials, components, techniques and workmanship and examine the conduct and results of such tests whether on or off site 06 As appropriate instruct the opening up of completed works to determine that it is generally in accordance with the Contract Documents 07 As appropriate visit the sites of the extraction and fabrication and assembly of materials and components to inspect such materials and workmanship before delivery to site. 08 At intervals appropriate to the stage of construction visit the Works to inspect the progress and quality of the Works and to determine that they are being executed generally in accordance with the Contract Documents 09 Direct and control the activities of site staff 10 Administer the terms of other contracts 11 Monitor the progress of the Works against the contractors programme and report to the Client 12 Prepare valuations of the work carried out and completed During the early stages of project planning, it is important to identify the resources and schedule for development of the Maintenance Operations Plan. The roles and responsibilities of the various resources must be determined and an overall approach developed. Most project processes will have maintenance and operations equivalents, including change management, governance processes, testing and communications. Employers need to review Project planning elements to determine those needed on an ongoing basis and include them in the Maintenance Operations Plan. A risk assessment will have to be carried out for each operation that will occur on site. This determines what PPE the person will have to wear and how big the risk is of carrying out this operation. A check list will have to be made so that all equipment can be checked over once and a while. For example, the oil level in generators must be checked weekly so that they are able to run smoothly on site. A checklist can be ticked off once the generator has been checked and is in good working order. L Completion Project is handed over for occupation. Defects are corrected, claims are resolved and final account is agreed. Final Certificate is issued. 01 Provide drawings showing the building and main lines of drainage 02 Arrange the drawings of building services installations to be provided 03 Generally give advice on maintenance 04 Prepare drawings for convincing purposes 05 Compile maintenance and operational manuals 06 Incorporate information prepared by others in the maintenance manuals 07 Arrange maintenance contracts This is the stage where the building is handed over to the client so that it can be occupied, rented etc. All remediation is done to any thing thats is wrong within the project. The final account should be signed by the client to say that he is happy and that there is nothing else to be done. The architect also needs to sign it. It also means that everything has been done according to the contract. M Feedback The performance of the building and the design and construction teams are analysed and recorded for future reference. This stage also mentions that after the building has been finished, the architect and the contractor are responsible for any failures that may occur to the building in the near future. However, it is obvious that if the failure occurs in the far future then this not their responsibility. At the end of this stage there are many questions asked. These include things such as, Did the contractor work well? Does the building function properly? Did the design process work smoothly? What does the client think of the building? Factors that effect planning decisions (Task 1C) There are many things that need to be taken into consideration when making planning decisions, all projects produce different factors to be considered such as the following; Budget Availability of materials Availability of workers (Hiring sub contactors) Weather The Planning (conservation areas listed building areas) act 1990 The Town and Country Planning Act 1990 Restrictions on the land/local area Usage of development Surrounding infrastructure Existing Access Who will be using the facility e.g. old people or disabled Demands of the client Building regulations How to overcome these factors 1) Analysis of the Problem Breakdown the problem into simple components which may be easily managed. Create a flowchart in the form of a decision tree. Each stage of a project and all possible options are shown so as to produce a series of outcomes. 2) Assessment of Outcomes. This is based on utility (the relative desirability) which is assessed for each possible outcome. The criteria are listed and their relative importance is evaluated. Each outcome is assessed against each criteria and then is evaluated by summing its utility score against each criteria weighted by the relative importance of each criteria. 3) Assessment of Probabilities. The alternative outcomes of each decision stage are allocated probability of the likelihood of their occurrence. These are subjective assessments, but experience is used to lend some objectivity. 4) Determining Optimum Path The optimum path through the decision tree is determined by working backwards from the final outcome and calculating the expected (weighted average) utility of each event node. Where several activities enter an activity event node, the path with the highest utility is elected and the others are eliminated. The best path through the decision tree is found. 5) Sensitivity Analysis Important elements of the decision tree should be assessed by applying a range of values to determine the effect. Decisions to be made for this project (Plot J) Budget The budget for the project and the program for implementation will be very difficult to ascertain at this early stage, but if some indication can be given and an approximate cash flow, it could be very useful to the Client and would indicate our understanding of the project. In order to ensure my project comes in on budget I will be employing a skilled and experienced quantity surveyor. This is because there is a big difference between estimated costs and true costs, which would be calculated to a degree of accuracy by the quantity surveyor. Budgets for the professional fees and programs for the professional services would also be useful. Green Field site As our site is situated on a â€Å"green field site† then there will be certain implications which may hamper the development. Once land has been converted to development, it is unlikely to ever be converted back to Greenfield use Destruction of the natural habitat of some animal and plant species Loss of agricultural land results in loss of production and loss of employment Reduction of or complete loss of amenity or recreation value Negative effect upon transport and energy use Loss of the gr